Communications
Wireless, fibre, optical interconnect, quantum. How things talk to each other — from 5G and DECT NR+ to fibre, CPO, and QKD.
Wireless
5G NR-Advanced, mmWave, DECT NR+, sub-THz / 6G, beamforming ICs, phased-array antennas, software-defined radio. RF physics meeting silicon — the layer that makes everything mobile.
Fibre & free-space
Long-haul fibre optics, dark fibre and submarine cables, free-space optical links. The literal backbone of the internet, plus its line-of-sight cousins.
Optical interconnect
Linear pluggable optics (LPO), chip-level optical I/O, pluggable transceivers. Where light replaces copper inside the data centre — the layer under the CPO transition.
Quantum communications
Quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum networks, quantum repeaters. Information-theoretic security at the network layer — separate paradigm from classical comms.